Demo (#96)

* Fix query types

* Add systems to demo

* Remove comments of inlined versions

* Fix style

* Replication

* Test :iter

aftman.toml

@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ rojo = "rojo-rbx/rojo@7.4.1"
 stylua = "johnnymorganz/stylua@0.19.1"
 selene = "kampfkarren/selene@0.26.1"
 wally-patch-package = "Barocena/wally-patch-package@1.2.1"
+Blink = "1Axen/Blink@0.14.1"

demo.project.json

@@ -3,23 +3,20 @@
     "tree": {
         "$className": "DataModel",
         "ReplicatedStorage": {
-            "Shared": {
-                "$path": "demo/src/shared"
-            },
+            "$className": "ReplicatedStorage",
+            "$path": "demo/src/ReplicatedStorage",
             "ecs": {
                 "$path": "src"
+            },
+            "net": {
+                "$path": "demo/net/client.luau"
             }
         },
         "ServerScriptService": {
-            "Server": {
-                "$path": "demo/src/server"
-            }
-        },
-        "StarterPlayer": {
-            "StarterPlayerScripts": {
-                "Client": {
-                    "$path": "demo/src/client"
-                }
+            "$className": "ServerScriptService",
+            "$path": "demo/src/ServerScriptService",
+            "net": {
+                "$path": "demo/net/server.luau"
             }
         },
         "Workspace": {
@@ -66,6 +63,11 @@
             "$properties": {
                 "RespectFilteringEnabled": true
             }
+        },
+        "StarterPlayer": {
+            "StarterPlayerScripts": {
+                "$path": "demo/src/StarterPlayer/StarterPlayerScripts"
+            }
         }
     }
 }

demo/.config/blink

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+option ClientOutput = "../net/client.luau"
+option ServerOutput = "../net/server.luau"
+
+event UpdateTransform {
+    From: Server,
+    Type: Unreliable,
+    Call: SingleSync,
+    Poll: true,
+    Data: (f64, CFrame)
+}
+
+event SpawnMob {
+    From: Server,
+    Type: Reliable,
+    Call: SingleSync,
+    Poll: true,
+    Data: (f64, CFrame, u8)
+}

demo/README.md

@@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
-# example
-Generated by [Rojo](https://github.com/rojo-rbx/rojo) 7.4.1.
+# Demo
 
-## Getting Started
-To build the place from scratch, use:
+## Build with Rojo
+To build the place, run the following commands from the root of the repository:
 
 ```bash
-rojo build -o "example.rbxlx"
+cd demo
+rojo build -o "demo.rbxl"
 ```
 
-Next, open `example.rbxlx` in Roblox Studio and start the Rojo server:
+Next, open `demo.rbxl` in Roblox Studio and start the Rojo server:
 
 ```bash
 rojo serve
 ```
-
-For more help, check out [the Rojo documentation](https://rojo.space/docs).

demo/net/client.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+--!strict
+--!native
+--!optimize 2
+--!nolint LocalShadow
+--#selene: allow(shadowing)
+-- File generated by Blink v0.14.1 (https://github.com/1Axen/Blink)
+-- This file is not meant to be edited
+
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local RunService = game:GetService("RunService")
+
+if not RunService:IsClient() then
+    error("Client network module can only be required from the client.")
+end
+
+local Reliable: RemoteEvent = ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("BLINK_RELIABLE_REMOTE") :: RemoteEvent
+local Unreliable: UnreliableRemoteEvent = ReplicatedStorage:WaitForChild("BLINK_UNRELIABLE_REMOTE") :: UnreliableRemoteEvent
+
+local Invocations = 0
+
+local SendSize = 64
+local SendOffset = 0
+local SendCursor = 0
+local SendBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+local SendInstances = {}
+
+local RecieveCursor = 0
+local RecieveBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+
+local RecieveInstances = {}
+local RecieveInstanceCursor = 0
+
+type Entry = {
+    value: any,
+    next: Entry?
+}
+
+type Queue = {
+    head: Entry?,
+    tail: Entry?
+}
+
+type BufferSave = {
+    Size: number, 
+    Cursor: number, 
+    Buffer: buffer, 
+    Instances: {Instance}
+}
+
+local function Read(Bytes: number)
+    local Offset = RecieveCursor
+    RecieveCursor += Bytes
+    return Offset
+end
+
+local function Save(): BufferSave
+    return {
+        Size = SendSize,
+        Cursor = SendCursor,
+        Buffer = SendBuffer,
+        Instances = SendInstances
+    }
+end
+
+local function Load(Save: BufferSave?)
+    if Save then
+        SendSize = Save.Size
+        SendCursor = Save.Cursor
+        SendOffset = Save.Cursor
+        SendBuffer = Save.Buffer
+        SendInstances = Save.Instances
+        return
+    end
+
+    SendSize = 64
+    SendCursor = 0
+    SendOffset = 0
+    SendBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+    SendInstances = {}
+end
+
+local function Invoke()
+    if Invocations == 255 then
+        Invocations = 0
+    end
+
+    local Invocation = Invocations
+    Invocations += 1
+    return Invocation
+end
+
+local function Allocate(Bytes: number)
+    local InUse = (SendCursor + Bytes)
+    if InUse > SendSize then
+        --> Avoid resizing the buffer for every write
+        while InUse > SendSize do
+            SendSize *= 1.5
+        end
+
+        local Buffer = buffer.create(SendSize)
+        buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+        SendBuffer = Buffer
+    end
+
+    SendOffset = SendCursor
+    SendCursor += Bytes
+    
+    return SendOffset
+end
+
+local function CreateQueue(): Queue
+    return {
+        head = nil,
+        tail = nil
+    }
+end
+
+local function Pop(queue: Queue): any
+    local head = queue.head
+    if head == nil then
+        return
+    end
+
+    queue.head = head.next
+    return head.value
+end
+
+local function Push(queue: Queue, value: any)
+    local entry: Entry = {
+        value = value,
+        next = nil
+    }
+
+    if queue.tail ~= nil then
+        queue.tail.next = entry
+    end
+
+    queue.tail = entry
+
+    if queue.head == nil then
+        queue.head = entry
+    end
+end
+
+local Types = {}
+local Calls = table.create(256)
+
+local Events: any = {
+    Reliable = table.create(256),
+    Unreliable = table.create(256)
+}
+
+local Queue: any = {
+    Reliable = table.create(256),
+    Unreliable = table.create(256)
+}
+
+Queue.Unreliable[0] = CreateQueue()
+Queue.Reliable[0] = CreateQueue()
+
+function Types.ReadEVENT_UpdateTransform(): (number, CFrame)
+	-- Read BLOCK: 32 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Read(32)
+	local Value1 = buffer.readf64(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+	local X = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 8)
+	local Y = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 12)
+	local Z = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 16)
+	local Position = Vector3.new(X, Y, Z)
+	local rX = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 20)
+	local rY = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 24)
+	local rZ = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 28)
+	local Value2 = CFrame.new(Position) * CFrame.fromOrientation(rX, rY, rZ)
+	return Value1, Value2
+end
+
+function Types.WriteEVENT_UpdateTransform(Value1: number, Value2: CFrame): ()
+	-- Allocate BLOCK: 33 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Allocate(33)
+	buffer.writeu8(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0, 0)
+	buffer.writef64(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 1, Value1)
+	local Vector = Value2.Position
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 9, Vector.X)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 13, Vector.Y)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 17, Vector.Z)
+	local rX, rY, rZ = Value2:ToOrientation()
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 21, rX)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 25, rY)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 29, rZ)
+end
+
+function Types.ReadEVENT_SpawnMob(): (number, CFrame, number)
+	-- Read BLOCK: 33 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Read(33)
+	local Value1 = buffer.readf64(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+	local X = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 8)
+	local Y = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 12)
+	local Z = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 16)
+	local Position = Vector3.new(X, Y, Z)
+	local rX = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 20)
+	local rY = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 24)
+	local rZ = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 28)
+	local Value2 = CFrame.new(Position) * CFrame.fromOrientation(rX, rY, rZ)
+	local Value3 = buffer.readu8(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 32)
+	return Value1, Value2, Value3
+end
+
+function Types.WriteEVENT_SpawnMob(Value1: number, Value2: CFrame, Value3: number): ()
+	-- Allocate BLOCK: 34 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Allocate(34)
+	buffer.writeu8(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0, 0)
+	buffer.writef64(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 1, Value1)
+	local Vector = Value2.Position
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 9, Vector.X)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 13, Vector.Y)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 17, Vector.Z)
+	local rX, rY, rZ = Value2:ToOrientation()
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 21, rX)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 25, rY)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 29, rZ)
+	buffer.writeu8(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 33, Value3)
+end
+
+
+local function StepReplication()
+    if SendCursor <= 0 then
+        return
+    end
+
+    local Buffer = buffer.create(SendCursor)
+    buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+    Reliable:FireServer(Buffer, SendInstances)
+
+    SendSize = 64
+    SendCursor = 0
+    SendOffset = 0
+    SendBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+    table.clear(SendInstances)
+end
+
+local Elapsed = 0
+RunService.Heartbeat:Connect(function(DeltaTime: number)
+	Elapsed += DeltaTime
+	if Elapsed >= (1 / 61) then
+		Elapsed -= (1 / 61)
+		StepReplication()
+	end
+end)
+
+Reliable.OnClientEvent:Connect(function(Buffer: buffer, Instances: {Instance})
+	RecieveCursor = 0
+	RecieveBuffer = Buffer
+	RecieveInstances = Instances
+	RecieveInstanceCursor = 0
+	local Size = buffer.len(RecieveBuffer)
+	while (RecieveCursor < Size) do
+		-- Read BLOCK: 1 bytes
+		local BLOCK_START = Read(1)
+		local Index = buffer.readu8(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+		if Index == 0 then
+			Push(Queue.Reliable[0], table.pack(Types.ReadEVENT_SpawnMob()))
+		end
+	end
+end)
+
+Unreliable.OnClientEvent:Connect(function(Buffer: buffer, Instances: {Instance})
+	RecieveCursor = 0
+	RecieveBuffer = Buffer
+	RecieveInstances = Instances
+	RecieveInstanceCursor = 0
+	local Size = buffer.len(RecieveBuffer)
+	while (RecieveCursor < Size) do
+		-- Read BLOCK: 1 bytes
+		local BLOCK_START = Read(1)
+		local Index = buffer.readu8(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+		if Index == 0 then
+			Push(Queue.Unreliable[0], table.pack(Types.ReadEVENT_UpdateTransform()))
+		end
+	end
+end)
+
+return {
+	StepReplication = StepReplication,
+
+	UpdateTransform = {
+		Iter = function(): () -> (number, number, CFrame)
+			local index = 0
+			local queue = Queue.Unreliable[0]
+			return function (): (number, number, CFrame)
+				index += 1
+				local arguments = Pop(queue)
+				if arguments ~= nil then
+					return index, unpack(arguments, 1, arguments.n)
+				end
+				return 
+			end
+		end,
+		Next = function(): () -> (number, number, CFrame)
+			local index = 0
+			local queue = Queue.Unreliable[0]
+			return function (): (number, number, CFrame)
+				index += 1
+				local arguments = Pop(queue)
+				if arguments ~= nil then
+					return index, unpack(arguments, 1, arguments.n)
+				end
+				return 
+			end
+		end
+	},
+	SpawnMob = {
+		Iter = function(): () -> (number, number, CFrame, number)
+			local index = 0
+			local queue = Queue.Reliable[0]
+			return function (): (number, number, CFrame, number)
+				index += 1
+				local arguments = Pop(queue)
+				if arguments ~= nil then
+					return index, unpack(arguments, 1, arguments.n)
+				end
+				return 
+			end
+		end,
+		Next = function(): () -> (number, number, CFrame, number)
+			local index = 0
+			local queue = Queue.Reliable[0]
+			return function (): (number, number, CFrame, number)
+				index += 1
+				local arguments = Pop(queue)
+				if arguments ~= nil then
+					return index, unpack(arguments, 1, arguments.n)
+				end
+				return 
+			end
+		end
+	},
+
+}

demo/net/server.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+--!strict
+--!native
+--!optimize 2
+--!nolint LocalShadow
+--#selene: allow(shadowing)
+-- File generated by Blink v0.14.1 (https://github.com/1Axen/Blink)
+-- This file is not meant to be edited
+
+local Players = game:GetService("Players")
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local RunService = game:GetService("RunService")
+
+if not RunService:IsServer() then
+    error("Server network module can only be required from the server.")
+end
+
+local Reliable: RemoteEvent = ReplicatedStorage:FindFirstChild("BLINK_RELIABLE_REMOTE") :: RemoteEvent
+if not Reliable then
+    local RemoteEvent = Instance.new("RemoteEvent")
+    RemoteEvent.Name = "BLINK_RELIABLE_REMOTE"
+    RemoteEvent.Parent = ReplicatedStorage
+    Reliable = RemoteEvent
+end
+
+local Unreliable: UnreliableRemoteEvent = ReplicatedStorage:FindFirstChild("BLINK_UNRELIABLE_REMOTE") :: UnreliableRemoteEvent
+if not Unreliable then
+    local UnreliableRemoteEvent = Instance.new("UnreliableRemoteEvent")
+    UnreliableRemoteEvent.Name = "BLINK_UNRELIABLE_REMOTE"
+    UnreliableRemoteEvent.Parent = ReplicatedStorage
+    Unreliable = UnreliableRemoteEvent
+end
+
+local Invocations = 0
+
+local SendSize = 64
+local SendOffset = 0
+local SendCursor = 0
+local SendBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+local SendInstances = {}
+
+local RecieveCursor = 0
+local RecieveBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+
+local RecieveInstances = {}
+local RecieveInstanceCursor = 0
+
+type Entry = {
+    value: any,
+    next: Entry?
+}
+
+type Queue = {
+    head: Entry?,
+    tail: Entry?
+}
+
+type BufferSave = {
+    Size: number, 
+    Cursor: number, 
+    Buffer: buffer, 
+    Instances: {Instance}
+}
+
+local function Read(Bytes: number)
+    local Offset = RecieveCursor
+    RecieveCursor += Bytes
+    return Offset
+end
+
+local function Save(): BufferSave
+    return {
+        Size = SendSize,
+        Cursor = SendCursor,
+        Buffer = SendBuffer,
+        Instances = SendInstances
+    }
+end
+
+local function Load(Save: BufferSave?)
+    if Save then
+        SendSize = Save.Size
+        SendCursor = Save.Cursor
+        SendOffset = Save.Cursor
+        SendBuffer = Save.Buffer
+        SendInstances = Save.Instances
+        return
+    end
+
+    SendSize = 64
+    SendCursor = 0
+    SendOffset = 0
+    SendBuffer = buffer.create(64)
+    SendInstances = {}
+end
+
+local function Invoke()
+    if Invocations == 255 then
+        Invocations = 0
+    end
+
+    local Invocation = Invocations
+    Invocations += 1
+    return Invocation
+end
+
+local function Allocate(Bytes: number)
+    local InUse = (SendCursor + Bytes)
+    if InUse > SendSize then
+        --> Avoid resizing the buffer for every write
+        while InUse > SendSize do
+            SendSize *= 1.5
+        end
+
+        local Buffer = buffer.create(SendSize)
+        buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+        SendBuffer = Buffer
+    end
+
+    SendOffset = SendCursor
+    SendCursor += Bytes
+    
+    return SendOffset
+end
+
+local function CreateQueue(): Queue
+    return {
+        head = nil,
+        tail = nil
+    }
+end
+
+local function Pop(queue: Queue): any
+    local head = queue.head
+    if head == nil then
+        return
+    end
+
+    queue.head = head.next
+    return head.value
+end
+
+local function Push(queue: Queue, value: any)
+    local entry: Entry = {
+        value = value,
+        next = nil
+    }
+
+    if queue.tail ~= nil then
+        queue.tail.next = entry
+    end
+
+    queue.tail = entry
+
+    if queue.head == nil then
+        queue.head = entry
+    end
+end
+
+local Types = {}
+local Calls = table.create(256)
+
+local Events: any = {
+    Reliable = table.create(256),
+    Unreliable = table.create(256)
+}
+
+local Queue: any = {
+    Reliable = table.create(256),
+    Unreliable = table.create(256)
+}
+
+
+function Types.ReadEVENT_UpdateTransform(): (number, CFrame)
+	-- Read BLOCK: 32 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Read(32)
+	local Value1 = buffer.readf64(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+	local X = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 8)
+	local Y = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 12)
+	local Z = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 16)
+	local Position = Vector3.new(X, Y, Z)
+	local rX = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 20)
+	local rY = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 24)
+	local rZ = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 28)
+	local Value2 = CFrame.new(Position) * CFrame.fromOrientation(rX, rY, rZ)
+	return Value1, Value2
+end
+
+function Types.WriteEVENT_UpdateTransform(Value1: number, Value2: CFrame): ()
+	-- Allocate BLOCK: 33 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Allocate(33)
+	buffer.writeu8(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0, 0)
+	buffer.writef64(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 1, Value1)
+	local Vector = Value2.Position
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 9, Vector.X)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 13, Vector.Y)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 17, Vector.Z)
+	local rX, rY, rZ = Value2:ToOrientation()
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 21, rX)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 25, rY)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 29, rZ)
+end
+
+function Types.ReadEVENT_SpawnMob(): (number, CFrame, number)
+	-- Read BLOCK: 33 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Read(33)
+	local Value1 = buffer.readf64(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+	local X = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 8)
+	local Y = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 12)
+	local Z = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 16)
+	local Position = Vector3.new(X, Y, Z)
+	local rX = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 20)
+	local rY = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 24)
+	local rZ = buffer.readf32(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 28)
+	local Value2 = CFrame.new(Position) * CFrame.fromOrientation(rX, rY, rZ)
+	local Value3 = buffer.readu8(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 32)
+	return Value1, Value2, Value3
+end
+
+function Types.WriteEVENT_SpawnMob(Value1: number, Value2: CFrame, Value3: number): ()
+	-- Allocate BLOCK: 34 bytes
+	local BLOCK_START = Allocate(34)
+	buffer.writeu8(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0, 0)
+	buffer.writef64(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 1, Value1)
+	local Vector = Value2.Position
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 9, Vector.X)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 13, Vector.Y)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 17, Vector.Z)
+	local rX, rY, rZ = Value2:ToOrientation()
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 21, rX)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 25, rY)
+	buffer.writef32(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 29, rZ)
+	buffer.writeu8(SendBuffer, BLOCK_START + 33, Value3)
+end
+
+
+local PlayersMap: {[Player]: BufferSave} = {}
+
+Players.PlayerRemoving:Connect(function(Player)
+    PlayersMap[Player] = nil
+end)
+
+local function StepReplication()
+    for Player, Send in PlayersMap do
+        if Send.Cursor <= 0 then
+            continue
+        end
+
+        local Buffer = buffer.create(Send.Cursor)
+        buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, Send.Buffer, 0, Send.Cursor)
+        Reliable:FireClient(Player, Buffer, Send.Instances)
+
+        Send.Size = 64
+        Send.Cursor = 0
+        Send.Buffer = buffer.create(64)
+        table.clear(Send.Instances)
+    end
+end
+
+RunService.Heartbeat:Connect(StepReplication)
+
+Reliable.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(Player: Player, Buffer: buffer, Instances: {Instance})
+	RecieveCursor = 0
+	RecieveBuffer = Buffer
+	RecieveInstances = Instances
+	RecieveInstanceCursor = 0
+	local Size = buffer.len(RecieveBuffer)
+	while (RecieveCursor < Size) do
+		-- Read BLOCK: 1 bytes
+		local BLOCK_START = Read(1)
+		local Index = buffer.readu8(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+	end
+end)
+
+Unreliable.OnServerEvent:Connect(function(Player: Player, Buffer: buffer, Instances: {Instance})
+	RecieveCursor = 0
+	RecieveBuffer = Buffer
+	RecieveInstances = Instances
+	RecieveInstanceCursor = 0
+	local Size = buffer.len(RecieveBuffer)
+	while (RecieveCursor < Size) do
+		-- Read BLOCK: 1 bytes
+		local BLOCK_START = Read(1)
+		local Index = buffer.readu8(RecieveBuffer, BLOCK_START + 0)
+	end
+end)
+
+return {
+	StepReplication = StepReplication,
+
+	UpdateTransform = {
+		Fire = function(Player: Player, Value1: number, Value2: CFrame): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_UpdateTransform(Value1, Value2)
+			local Buffer = buffer.create(SendCursor)
+			buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+			Unreliable:FireClient(Player, Buffer, SendInstances)
+		end,
+		FireAll = function(Value1: number, Value2: CFrame): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_UpdateTransform(Value1, Value2)
+			local Buffer = buffer.create(SendCursor)
+			buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+			Unreliable:FireAllClients(Buffer, SendInstances)
+		end,
+		FireList = function(List: {Player}, Value1: number, Value2: CFrame): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_UpdateTransform(Value1, Value2)
+			local Buffer = buffer.create(SendCursor)
+			buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+			for _, Player in List do
+				Unreliable:FireClient(Player, Buffer, SendInstances)
+			end
+		end,
+		FireExcept = function(Except: Player, Value1: number, Value2: CFrame): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_UpdateTransform(Value1, Value2)
+			local Buffer = buffer.create(SendCursor)
+			buffer.copy(Buffer, 0, SendBuffer, 0, SendCursor)
+			for _, Player in Players:GetPlayers() do
+				if Player == Except then
+					continue
+				end
+				Unreliable:FireClient(Player, Buffer, SendInstances)
+			end
+		end,
+	},
+	SpawnMob = {
+		Fire = function(Player: Player, Value1: number, Value2: CFrame, Value3: number): ()
+			Load(PlayersMap[Player])
+			Types.WriteEVENT_SpawnMob(Value1, Value2, Value3)
+			PlayersMap[Player] = Save()
+		end,
+		FireAll = function(Value1: number, Value2: CFrame, Value3: number): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_SpawnMob(Value1, Value2, Value3)
+			local Buffer, Size, Instances = SendBuffer, SendCursor, SendInstances
+			for _, Player in Players:GetPlayers() do
+				Load(PlayersMap[Player])
+				local Position = Allocate(Size)
+				buffer.copy(SendBuffer, Position, Buffer, 0, Size)
+				table.move(Instances, 1, #Instances, #SendInstances + 1, SendInstances)
+				PlayersMap[Player] = Save()
+			end
+		end,
+		FireList = function(List: {Player}, Value1: number, Value2: CFrame, Value3: number): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_SpawnMob(Value1, Value2, Value3)
+			local Buffer, Size, Instances = SendBuffer, SendCursor, SendInstances
+			for _, Player in List do
+				Load(PlayersMap[Player])
+				local Position = Allocate(Size)
+				buffer.copy(SendBuffer, Position, Buffer, 0, Size)
+				table.move(Instances, 1, #Instances, #SendInstances + 1, SendInstances)
+				PlayersMap[Player] = Save()
+			end
+		end,
+		FireExcept = function(Except: Player, Value1: number, Value2: CFrame, Value3: number): ()
+			Load()
+			Types.WriteEVENT_SpawnMob(Value1, Value2, Value3)
+			local Buffer, Size, Instances = SendBuffer, SendCursor, SendInstances
+			for _, Player in Players:GetPlayers() do
+				if Player == Except then
+					continue
+				end
+				Load(PlayersMap[Player])
+				local Position = Allocate(Size)
+				buffer.copy(SendBuffer, Position, Buffer, 0, Size)
+				table.move(Instances, 1, #Instances, #SendInstances + 1, SendInstances)
+				PlayersMap[Player] = Save()
+			end
+		end,
+	},
+
+}

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/bt.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+--!optimize 2
+--!native
+
+-- original author @centau
+
+local SUCCESS = 0
+local FAILURE = 1
+local RUNNING = 2
+
+local function SEQUENCE(nodes)
+    return function(...)
+        for _, node in nodes do
+            local status = node(...)
+            if status == FAILURE or status == RUNNING then
+                return status
+            end
+        end
+        return SUCCESS
+    end
+end
+
+local function FALLBACK(nodes)
+    return function(...)
+        for _, node in nodes do
+            local status = node(...)
+            if status == SUCCESS or status == RUNNING then
+                return status
+            end
+        end
+        return FAILURE
+    end
+end
+
+local bt = {
+    SEQUENCE = SEQUENCE,
+    FALLBACK = FALLBACK,
+    RUNNING = RUNNING
+}
+
+return bt

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/changetracker.luau

@@ -1,73 +1,8 @@
---!optimize 2
---!native
-
 local jecs = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").ecs)
 
-type World = jecs.WorldShim
-type Entity<T = any> = jecs.Entity<T>
-
-local function panic(str)
-    -- We don't want to interrupt the loop when we error
-    task.spawn(error, str)
-end
-
-local function Scheduler(world, ...)
-    local systems = { ... }
-    local systemsNames = {}
-    local N = #systems
-    local system
-    local dt
-
-    for i, module in systems do
-        local sys = require(module)
-        systems[i] = sys
-        local file, line = debug.info(2, "sl")
-        systemsNames[sys] = `{file}->::{line}::->{debug.info(sys, "n")}`
-    end
-
-    local function run()
-        local name = systemsNames[system]
-
-        debug.profilebegin(name)
-        debug.setmemorycategory(name)
-        system(world, dt)
-        debug.profileend()
-    end
-
-    local function loop(sinceLastFrame)
-        debug.profilebegin("loop()")
-
-        for i = N, 1, -1 do
-            system = systems[i]
-
-            dt = sinceLastFrame
-
-            local didNotYield, why = xpcall(function()
-                for _ in run do end
-            end, debug.traceback)
-
-            if didNotYield then
-				continue
-			end
-
-			if string.find(why, "thread is not yieldable") then
-				N -= 1
-				local name = table.remove(systems, i)
-				panic("Not allowed to yield in the systems."
-    				.. "\n"
-    				.. `System: {name} has been ejected`
-				)
-			else
-			    panic(why)
-			end
-        end
-
-        debug.profileend()
-        debug.resetmemorycategory()
-    end
-
-    return loop
-end
+local world = require(script.Parent.world)
+local sparse = ((world :: any) :: jecs.World).entityIndex.sparse
+type World = world.World
 
 type Tracker<T> = { track: (world: World, fn: (changes: {
         added: () -> () -> (number, T),
@@ -97,7 +32,7 @@ local function diff(a, b)
     return false
 end
 
-local function ChangeTracker<T>(world, T: Entity<T>): Tracker<T>
+local function ChangeTracker<T>(T: Entity<T>): Tracker<T>
     local PreviousT = jecs.pair(jecs.Rest, T)
     local add = {}
     local added
@@ -142,7 +77,7 @@ local function ChangeTracker<T>(world, T: Entity<T>): Tracker<T>
                 id, new, old = q.next()
             end
 
-            local record = world.entityIndex.sparse[id]
+            local record = sparse[id]
             local archetype = record.archetype
             local column = archetype.records[PreviousT].column
             local data = if is_trivial then new else table.clone(new)
@@ -197,62 +132,4 @@ local function ChangeTracker<T>(world, T: Entity<T>): Tracker<T>
     return tracker
 end
 
-local bt
-do
-    local SUCCESS = 0
-    local FAILURE = 1
-    local RUNNING = 2
-
-    local function SEQUENCE(nodes)
-        return function(...)
-            for _, node in nodes do
-                local status = node(...)
-                if status == FAILURE or status == RUNNING then
-                    return status
-                end
-            end
-            return SUCCESS
-        end
-    end
-    local function FALLBACK(nodes)
-        return function(...)
-            for _, node in nodes do
-                local status = node(...)
-                if status == SUCCESS or status == RUNNING then
-                    return status
-                end
-            end
-            return FAILURE
-        end
-    end
-    bt = {
-        SEQUENCE = SEQUENCE,
-        FALLBACK = FALLBACK,
-        RUNNING = RUNNING
-    }
-end
-
-local function interval(s)
-    local pin
-
-    local function throttle()
-        if not pin then
-            pin = os.clock()
-        end
-
-        local elapsed = os.clock() - pin > s
-        if elapsed then
-            pin = os.clock()
-        end
-
-        return elapsed
-    end
-    return throttle
-end
-
-return {
-    Scheduler = Scheduler,
-    ChangeTracker = ChangeTracker,
-    interval = interval,
-    BehaviorTree = bt
-}
+return ChangeTracker

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/collect.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+--!nonstrict
+
+--[[
+	local signal = Signal.new() :: Signal.Signal<string, string>
+	local events = collect(signal)
+	local function system(world)
+		for id, str1, str2 in events do
+			--
+		end
+	end
+]]
+
+--[[
+original author by @memorycode
+
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2024 Michael
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+--]]
+
+type Signal<T...> = { [any]: any }
+local function collect<T...>(event: Signal<T...>)
+	local storage = {}
+	local mt = {}
+	local iter = function()
+		local n = #storage
+		return function()
+			if n <= 0 then
+				mt.__iter = nil
+				return nil
+			end
+
+			n -= 1
+			return n + 1, unpack(table.remove(storage, 1) :: any)
+		end
+	end
+
+	local disconnect = event:Connect(function(...)
+		table.insert(storage, { ... })
+		mt.__iter = iter
+	end)
+
+	setmetatable(storage, mt)
+	return (storage :: any) :: () -> (number, T...), function()
+		disconnect()
+	end
+end
+
+return collect

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/components.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+local jecs = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").ecs)
+local world = require(script.Parent.world)
+
+local components = {
+    Character = world:component(),
+    Mob = world:component(),
+    Model = world:component() :: jecs.Entity<Model>,
+    Player = world:component(),
+    Target = world:component(),
+    Transform = world:component() :: jecs.Entity<CFrame>,
+    Velocity = world:component(),
+}
+
+return table.freeze(components)

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/ctx.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+local world = require(script.Parent.world)
+local handle = require(script.Parent.handle)
+
+local singleton = world:entity()
+
+local function ctx()
+    -- Cannot cache handles because they will get invalidated
+    return handle(singleton)
+end
+
+return ctx

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/handle.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+local jecs = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").ecs)
+local world = require(script.Parent.world)
+
+type Handle = {
+    has: (self: Handle, id: jecs.Entity) -> boolean,
+    get: <T>(self: Handle, id: jecs.Entity<T>) -> T?,
+    add: <T>(self: Handle, id: jecs.Entity<T>) -> Handle,
+    set: <T>(self: Handle, id: jecs.Entity<T>, value: T) -> Handle,
+    id: (self: Handle?) -> jecs.Entity
+}
+
+local handle: (e: jecs.Entity) -> Handle
+
+do
+    local e
+    local function has(_, id)
+        return world:has(e, id)
+    end
+    local function get(_, id)
+        return world:get(e, id)
+    end
+    local function set(self, id, value)
+        world:set(e, id, value)
+        return self
+    end
+    local function add(self, id)
+        world:add(e, id)
+        return self
+    end
+    local function clear(self)
+        world:clear(e)
+        return self
+    end
+    local function id()
+        return e
+    end
+
+    local entity = {
+        has = has,
+        get = get,
+        set = set,
+        add = add,
+        clear = clear,
+        id = id,
+    }
+
+    function handle(id)
+        e = id
+        return entity
+    end
+end
+
+return handle

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/init.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+local jecs = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").ecs)
+local world = require(script.world)
+export type World = world.World
+
+local std = {
+    ChangeTracker = require(script.changetracker),
+    Scheduler = require(script.scheduler),
+    bt = require(script.bt),
+    collect = require(script.collect),
+    components = require(script.components),
+    ctx = require(script.ctx),
+    handle = require(script.handle),
+    interval = require(script.interval),
+    ref = require(script.ref),
+    world = world,
+    pair = jecs.pair,
+    __ = jecs.w,
+}
+
+return std

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/interval.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+local function interval(s)
+    local pin
+
+    local function throttle()
+        if not pin then
+            pin = os.clock()
+        end
+
+        local elapsed = os.clock() - pin > s
+        if elapsed then
+            pin = os.clock()
+        end
+
+        return elapsed
+    end
+    return throttle
+end
+
+return interval

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/ref.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+local world = require(script.Parent.world)
+local handle = require(script.Parent.handle)
+local refs = {}
+
+local function ref(key)
+    if not key then
+        return handle(world:entity())
+    end
+    local e = refs[key]
+    if not e then
+        e = world:entity()
+        refs[key] = e
+    end
+    -- Cannot cache handles because they will get invalidated
+    return handle(e)
+end
+
+return ref

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/registry.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+local reserved = 0
+
+local function reserve()
+    reserved += 1
+    return reserved
+end
+
+-- If you don't like passing around a world singleton
+-- and you need to register component IDs, just register them.
+-- I dont use this because I like adding component traits
+--[[
+    local components = {
+        Model = registry.reserve(),
+        Transform = registry.reserve(),
+    }
+
+    local world = registry.register(jecs.World.new())
+    local e = world:entity()
+    world:set(e, components.Transform, CFrame)
+]]
+local function register(world)
+    for _ = 1, reserved do
+        world:component()
+    end
+    return world
+end
+
+return {
+    reserve = reserve,
+    register = register,
+}

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/scheduler.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+local function panic(str)
+    -- We don't want to interrupt the loop when we error
+    task.spawn(error, str)
+end
+
+local function Scheduler(...)
+    local systems = { ... }
+    local systemsNames = {}
+    local N = #systems
+    local system
+    local dt
+
+    for i, module in systems do
+        local sys = require(module)
+        systems[i] = sys
+        local file, line = debug.info(2, "sl")
+        systemsNames[sys] = `{file}->::{line}::->{debug.info(sys, "n")}`
+    end
+
+    local function run()
+        local name = systemsNames[system]
+
+        debug.profilebegin(name)
+        debug.setmemorycategory(name)
+        system(dt)
+        debug.profileend()
+    end
+
+    local function loop(sinceLastFrame)
+        debug.profilebegin("loop()")
+
+        for i = N, 1, -1 do
+            system = systems[i]
+
+            dt = sinceLastFrame
+
+            local didNotYield, why = xpcall(function()
+                for _ in run do end
+            end, debug.traceback)
+
+            if didNotYield then
+				continue
+			end
+
+			if string.find(why, "thread is not yieldable") then
+				N -= 1
+				local name = table.remove(systems, i)
+				panic("Not allowed to yield in the systems."
+    				.. "\n"
+    				.. `System: {name} has been ejected`
+				)
+			else
+			    panic(why)
+			end
+        end
+
+        debug.profileend()
+        debug.resetmemorycategory()
+    end
+
+    return loop
+end
+
+return Scheduler

demo/src/ReplicatedStorage/std/world.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+local jecs = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").ecs)
+export type World = jecs.WorldShim
+
+-- I like the idea of only having the world be a singleton.
+return jecs.World.new()

demo/src/ServerScriptService/main.server.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+local loop = std.Scheduler(unpack(script.Parent.systems:GetChildren()))
+game:GetService("RunService").Heartbeat:Connect(loop)

demo/src/ServerScriptService/systems/mobsMove.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local blink = require(game:GetService("ServerScriptService").net)
+local jecs = require(ReplicatedStorage.ecs)
+local pair = jecs.pair
+local __ = jecs.Wildcard
+
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+local world = std.world
+
+local cts = std.components
+
+local Mob = cts.Mob
+local Transform = cts.Transform
+local Velocity = cts.Velocity
+local Player = cts.Player
+local Character = cts.Character
+print("client Model", cts.Model)
+
+local function mobsMove(dt: number)
+    local players = world:query(Character):with(Player)
+
+    for mob, cf, v in world:query(Transform, Velocity):with(Mob):iter() do
+        local p = cf.Position
+
+        local target
+        for playerId, character in players do
+            local pos = character.PrimaryPart.Position
+            if true then
+                target = pos
+                break
+            end
+            if not target then
+                target = pos
+            elseif (p - pos).Magnitude < (p - target) then
+                target = pos
+            end
+        end
+
+        if not target then
+            continue
+        end
+
+        local moving = CFrame.new(p + (target - p).Unit * dt * v)
+        world:set(mob, Transform, moving)
+        blink.UpdateTransform.FireAll(mob, moving)
+    end
+end
+
+return mobsMove

demo/src/ServerScriptService/systems/players.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+local Players = game:GetService("Players")
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+local ref = std.ref
+local collect = std.collect
+
+local cts = std.components
+local Player = cts.Player
+local Character = cts.Character
+
+local playersAdded = collect(Players.PlayerAdded)
+local playersRemoved = collect(Players.PlayerRemoving)
+
+local conn = {}
+
+local function players()
+    for _, player in playersAdded do
+        std.world:set(
+            std.world:entity(),
+            std.world:entity())
+
+        local e = ref(player.UserId):set(Player, player)
+        local characterAdd = player.CharacterAdded
+        conn[e.id()] = characterAdd:Connect(function(rig)
+            while rig.Parent ~= workspace do
+                task.wait()
+            end
+            e:set(Character, rig)
+        end)
+    end
+
+    for _, player in playersRemoved do
+        local id = ref(player.UserId):clear().id()
+        conn[id]:Disconnect()
+        conn[id] = nil
+    end
+end
+
+return players

demo/src/ServerScriptService/systems/spawnMobs.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+local std = require(game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage").std)
+local blink = require(game:GetService("ServerScriptService").net)
+
+local ref = std.ref
+local interval = std.interval
+local cts = std.components
+
+local Mob = cts.Mob
+local Transform = cts.Transform
+local Velocity = cts.Velocity
+
+local throttle = interval(5)
+
+local function spawnMobs()
+    if throttle() then
+        local p = Vector3.new(0, 5, 0)
+        local cf = CFrame.new(p)
+        local v = 5
+
+        local id = ref()
+            :set(Velocity, v)
+            :set(Transform, cf)
+            :add(Mob)
+            .id()
+
+        blink.SpawnMob.FireAll(id, cf, v)
+    end
+end
+
+return spawnMobs

demo/src/StarterPlayer/StarterPlayerScripts/main.client.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+
+print(script.Parent:WaitForChild("systems"):GetChildren())
+local loop = std.Scheduler(unpack(script.Parent:WaitForChild("systems"):GetChildren()))
+game:GetService("RunService").Heartbeat:Connect(loop)

demo/src/StarterPlayer/StarterPlayerScripts/systems/move.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+local world = std.world
+
+local cts = std.components
+
+local Model = cts.Model
+local Transform = cts.Transform
+
+local function move(dt: number)
+    for _, cf, model in world:query(Transform, Model) do
+        model.PrimaryPart.CFrame = cf
+    end
+end
+
+return move

demo/src/StarterPlayer/StarterPlayerScripts/systems/syncMobs.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local blink = require(ReplicatedStorage.net)
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+local ref = std.ref
+local world = std.world
+local cts = std.components
+
+local function syncMobs()
+    for _, id, cf, vel in blink.SpawnMob.Iter() do
+        local part = Instance.new("Part")
+        part.Size = Vector3.one * 5
+        part.BrickColor = BrickColor.Red()
+        part.Anchored = true
+        local model = Instance.new("Model")
+        model.PrimaryPart = part
+        part.Parent = model
+        model.Parent = workspace
+
+        ref("server-"..id)
+            :set(cts.Transform, cf)
+            :set(cts.Velocity, vel)
+            :set(cts.Model, model)
+            :add(cts.Mob)
+    end
+
+end
+
+return syncMobs

demo/src/StarterPlayer/StarterPlayerScripts/systems/syncTransforms.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+local ReplicatedStorage = game:GetService("ReplicatedStorage")
+local blink = require(ReplicatedStorage.net)
+local std = require(ReplicatedStorage.std)
+local ref = std.ref
+local world = std.world
+
+local cts = std.components
+
+local function syncTransforms()
+    for _, id, cf in blink.UpdateTransform.Iter() do
+        ref("server-"..id)
+            :set(cts.Transform, cf)
+    end
+end
+
+return syncTransforms

demo/src/client/init.client.luau

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-print("Hello world, from client!")

demo/src/server/init.server.luau

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-